State Cancer Profiles

Interpretation of Incidence Rates Data

Incidence Rate Report by State

Esophagus (All Stages^), 2018-2022

All Races (includes Hispanic), Both Sexes, All Ages

Sorted by Name

Explanation of Column Headers
Incidence Rate (95% Confidence Interval) - The incidence rate is based upon 100,000 people and is an annual rate (or average annual rate) based on the time period indicated. Rates are age-adjusted by 5-year age groups to the 2000 U.S. standard million population.

Recent Trends - This is an interpretation of the AAPC/APC:

• Rising when 95% confidence interval of AAPC/APC is above 0.
• Stable when 95% confidence interval of AAPC/APC includes 0.
• Falling when 95% confidence interval of AAPC/APC is below 0.

AAPC/APC (95% Confidence Interval) - the change in rate over time

• Average Annual Percent Change - AAPCs are based upon APCs that were calculated by Joinpoint Regression Program
• Annual Percent Change - APCs calculated in SEER*Stat.

Other Notes

• Larger confidence intervals indicate less stability of the data. This is often due to low counts that are not quite low enough to be suppressed.
• Data is currently being suppressed if there are fewer than 16 counts for the time period.

Line by Line Interpretation of the Report

US (SEER+NPCR)¹

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.6 to 4.6 and 19,397 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : N/A
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.1 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.5 to 0.9.

Alabama²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.4 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.2 to 4.7 and 295 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 37 (24, 44)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.6 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.1 to -0.2.

Alaska²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.8 to 6.4 and 44 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 8 (1, 36)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.1 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.3 to 1.6.

Arizona²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.9 to 4.3 and 393 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 44 (37, 48)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -3.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -8.2 to 0.4.

Arkansas²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.6 to 5.2 and 193 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 22 (11, 37)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 1.0 with a 95% confidence interval from -3.1 to 3.0.

California⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.5 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.5 to 3.6 and 1,634 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 49 (48, 51)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.9 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.2 to -0.6.

Colorado²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.7 to 4.1 and 264 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 46 (39, 49)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.8 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.4 to -0.1.

Connecticut⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.3 to 4.9 and 230 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 33 (18, 41)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.2 with a 95% confidence interval from -3.8 to -0.7.

Delaware²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.2 to 5.2 and 67 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 30 (9, 46)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -2.5 to -0.3.

District of Columbia²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.1 to 4.5 and 25 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 48 (25, 51)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -4.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -6.7 to -3.1.

Florida²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.5 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.4 to 4.7 and 1,496 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 36 (26, 38)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.9 to -0.2.

Georgia⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.3 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.2 to 4.5 and 541 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 39 (30, 44)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.0 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.4 to -0.6.

Hawaii⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.4 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.0 to 3.8 and 69 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 51 (46, 51)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.4 to 1.0.

Idaho⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.2 to 5.1 and 105 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 32 (14, 45)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.1 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.7 to 0.8.

Illinois⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.0 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.8 to 5.2 and 809 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 18 (14, 28)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 1.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.6 to 4.1.

Indiana²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.3 to 5.8 and 473 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 9 (3, 16)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.2 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.4 to 0.8.

Iowa⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.4 to 6.1 and 242 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 5 (2, 15)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.4 to 1.1.

Kansas²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.4 to 5.0 and 169 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 29 (15, 42)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -3.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -8.5 to 1.4.

Kentucky⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.4 to 6.0 and 332 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 6 (2, 13)
• Recent Trend : The trend is rising because the trend is 1.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.5 to 5.0.

Louisiana⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.4 to 4.9 and 269 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 31 (18, 40)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.1 to -0.2.

Maine²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 7.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 6.6 to 7.7 and 153 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 1 (1, 2)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.5 to 1.2.

Maryland²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.7 to 4.1 and 305 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 47 (40, 49)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -2.2 to -1.3.

Massachusetts²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.2 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.9 to 5.4 and 481 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 16 (9, 25)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.8 to -1.0.

Michigan²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.4 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.2 to 5.6 and 738 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 10 (6, 19)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.8 to 0.0.

Minnesota²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.3 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.1 to 5.5 and 382 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 13 (6, 23)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.0 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.6 to 0.7.

Mississippi²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.5 to 5.1 and 183 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 25 (13, 39)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.2 to 0.6.

Missouri²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.2 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.0 to 5.5 and 426 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 14 (7, 23)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.6 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.3 to 2.8.

Montana²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.0 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.5 to 5.5 and 77 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 19 (4, 41)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.1 to 2.3.

Nebraska²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.5 to 5.3 and 117 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 21 (8, 40)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.0 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.0 to 1.0.

Nevada²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.4 to 5.0 and 181 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 28 (15, 41)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.8 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.6 to 0.2.

New Hampshire²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.5 to 6.4 and 123 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 3 (2, 15)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -6.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -11.6 to -1.0.

New Jersey⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.0 to 4.3 and 496 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 42 (37, 48)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.2 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.5 to -1.0.

New Mexico⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.0 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.7 to 4.4 and 114 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 45 (33, 50)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.3 to 1.1.

New York⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.2 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.0 to 4.3 and 1,094 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 41 (38, 46)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.8 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.4 to 0.6.

North Carolina²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.4 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.2 to 4.5 and 589 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 38 (30, 43)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.1 to -0.2.

North Dakota²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.0 to 5.2 and 43 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 35 (8, 48)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.1 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.8 to 1.7.

Ohio²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.6 to 6.0 and 911 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 4 (2, 9)
• Recent Trend : The trend is rising because the trend is 1.5 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.6 to 3.4.

Oklahoma²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.9 to 5.4 and 250 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 17 (7, 28)
• Recent Trend : The trend is rising because the trend is 2.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.6 to 6.9.

Oregon²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.7 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.5 to 5.0 and 266 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 27 (17, 38)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.9 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.5 to -0.3.

Pennsylvania²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.3 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.2 to 5.5 and 981 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 11 (7, 18)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.2 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.6 to 0.3.

Puerto Rico²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 2.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 2.5 to 3.0 and 142 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : N/A
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -2.7 with a 95% confidence interval from -3.9 to -1.5.

Rhode Island²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.0 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.5 to 5.5 and 74 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 20 (5, 41)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -7.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -12.9 to -3.7.

South Carolina²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.4 to 4.8 and 323 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 34 (20, 40)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -1.3 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.9 to -0.6.

South Dakota²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.6 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.0 to 6.3 and 63 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 7 (2, 27)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 4.1 with a 95% confidence interval from -4.4 to 14.4.

Tennessee²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.7 to 5.1 and 434 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 23 (15, 34)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.5 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.0 to 1.1.

Texas⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.0 to 4.2 and 1,253 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 43 (39, 48)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.5 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.0 to 1.4.

Utah⁷

• Rate : The incidence rate is 3.4 with a 95% confidence interval from 3.1 to 3.8 and 103 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 50 (46, 51)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.0 with a 95% confidence interval from -4.3 to 1.0.

Vermont²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.2 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.6 to 6.0 and 51 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 15 (2, 40)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.9 to 1.2.

Virginia²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.3 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.1 to 4.5 and 461 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 40 (31, 45)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 1.8 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.9 to 4.3.

Washington¹

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.6 to 5.0 and 451 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 26 (16, 36)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -0.4 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.0 to 0.2.

West Virginia²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 6.1 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.7 to 6.6 and 163 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 2 (1, 9)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is 0.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -0.2 to 1.3.

Wisconsin²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 5.3 with a 95% confidence interval from 5.1 to 5.6 and 425 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 12 (6, 21)
• Recent Trend : The trend is falling because the trend is -0.6 with a 95% confidence interval from -1.1 to -0.1.

Wyoming²

• Rate : The incidence rate is 4.8 with a 95% confidence interval from 4.1 to 5.6 and 36 average annual cases over 2018-2022.
• CI*Rank ⋔ : 24 (3, 48)
• Recent Trend : The trend is stable because the trend is -1.5 with a 95% confidence interval from -3.6 to 0.7.

Notes:
Created by statecancerprofiles.cancer.gov on 03/06/2026 11:35 am.

State Cancer Registries may provide more current or more local data.



† Incidence rates (cases per 100,000 population per year) are age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population (SEER areas use 20 age groups and NPCR areas use 19 age groups). Rates are for invasive cancer only (except for bladder cancer which is invasive and in situ) or unless otherwise specified. Rates calculated using SEER*Stat. Population counts for denominators are based on Census populations as modified by NCI. The US Population Data File is used for SEER and NPCR incidence rates.

‡ Incidence data come from different sources. The Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) is based on the APCs calculated by Joinpoint. Due to data availability issues, the time period used in the calculation of the joinpoint regression model may differ for selected counties.

Rates and trends are computed using different standards for malignancy. For more information see malignant.html.

^ All Stages refers to any stage. Due to changes in stage coding, Combined Summary Stage with Expanded Regional Codes (2004+) is used for data from Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases and Merged Summary Stage is used for data from National Program of Cancer Registries databases. Due to the increased complexity with staging, other staging variables maybe used if necessary.

⋔ Results presented with the CI*Rank statistics help show the usefulness of ranks. For example, ranks for relatively rare diseases or less populated areas may be essentially meaningless because of their large variability, but ranks for more common diseases in densely populated regions can be very useful. The rates used in CI*Rank are all age-adjusted to the 2000 US standard population using 19 age groups for SEER and NPCR areas. More information about methodology can be found on the CI*Rank website.

¹ Source: National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results SEER*Stat Database - United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Cancer Institute. Based on the 2024 submission.

² Source: National Program of Cancer Registries SEER*Stat Database - United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (based on the 2024 submission).

⁷ Source: SEER November 2024 submission.

Data for United States does not include Puerto Rico.